Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 11 Articles
Ground-water is an essential and vital component of our life support system. The ground water quality of Kodaikanal\r\ntaluk, Tamil Nadu for the period of pre monsoon season in the year of 2012 has been studied to evaluate the suitability of\r\nground water for domestic uses. Totally 17 Groundwater samples were collected from open well and bore well and analyzed for\r\nvarious physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical parameters (Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO3, CO3, SO4 and Cl). It is observed that the quality of\r\ngroundwater is suitable for domestic use in most of the location with respect to World Health Organization (WHO 1984) and\r\nsome of the samples are not suitable for drinking purposes. To understand the water quality, Arc GIS software was used to\r\nprepare a spatial distribution map and identify the suitable and unsuitable zones. Finally, overlay the all spatial maps and find\r\nout the unsuitable zones for drinking purposes....
A baseline study was carried out to assess the metal concentrations and contamination at selected Thoothukudi\r\ndistricts, Tamilnadu, India. 80 groundwater samples were collected at specific around entire district. The data have been used\r\nfor the calculation of heavy metal pollution index (HPI), Heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) and degree of contamination (Cd).\r\nThe average abundance order of heavy metal contents in groundwater samples are: Cr > Cu > Pb > Fe > Zn > Ni > Mn > Cd. GISbased\r\nHPI, HEI, Cd indicates that higher indices values are observed in the northeastern corner and along the Industrial (SIPCOT)\r\nand coastal region, factor score maps suggest that the activities of industries and landfill leachate are pervasive processes. The\r\nhigh metal concentrations observed in the groundwater may have serious public health and potential environmental hazard\r\nimplications....
The study area forms the part of the Southern Granulitic Terrain of the Madurai block in India. It is represented by charnockites and gneissic rocks. The economic importance and its massive nature of the rock brought name and fame to the locality all over the world. A term massive is used here in a textural sense in reference to homogeneous structure without preferred crystal orientation or stratification. This is a common feature among anorthosites in massif type complexes. The study area is chiefly composed of metamorphic and igneous formations. They are older and younger gneissic formation, Granitic intrusions and pegmatitic intrusions beside the anorthosite and related rocks. The anorthosite complex is a large anorthosite – gabbro mass emplaced in the core of a regional antiform which occupies the Kadavur basin. This is surrounded in all sides by thick supracrustal hills of quartzites interbanded with quartzo – feldspathic gneisses. The contact between the metasedimentary quartzites and the anorthosites and related rocks exhibits intrusive nature of emplacement....
Mettupalayam Taluk is located in Northern part of Coimbatore district and comprised as upland plateau region of Tamilnadu. The Nilgiris on the northwest and Odhimalai and Thenkalmalai on the North East are the important hills, which attain a heights of over 1200M above mean sea level (MSL) and average elevation of the study area is 400 M above MSL. Mettupalayam taluk is having moderately undulating topography with general slope from northeast to southwest. The ‘Palghat Gap’, which is an east-west trending mountain pass, is located in the western part of the Mettupalayam Taluk. The structural and denudational processes are predominating on the fluvial processes; as a result the area is marked by plateau land forms. Structural denudational and residual hills of charnockite and gneisses demarked as linear ridge of basic dykes. The gneisses and ultra basic hills have invariably generated a wide bazada zone. The undulating topography with innumerable depressions was used to storage of rainwater for agriculture and domestic works. The present study revealed various geomorphic units in Mettupalayam taluk such as structural and residual hills, linear ridges, bazada zones, buried pediments, active pediments, shallow pediments, erosional plains, valley fills and upland plateau....
Various samples of groundwater were collected from different areas of Ujjain city, India and analyzed for their physico-chemical characteristics. Results were compared with the standard desirable limits of World Health Organization (WHO), and Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS). In this analysis the various physic-chemical parameters viz., pH, conductivity, TDS, total hardness, chloride, fluoride, SO42-, phosphate, total alkalinity, color, appearance, odor etc, were analyzed according to standard water analysis methods (APHA). Thus an attempt has been made to find the quality of groundwater in Ujjain city, suitable for drinking purposes or not....
Water source have always been a precious commodity for human life. Groundwater is used for domestic supply, industries and agriculture in most parts of the world. The Geochemical characteristics were carryout in the Siruthalaikadu creek which is situated in the southeast coast of India in the Tamil Nadu state. It is located at about 370 km south of Chennai and 75km south of Karaikal, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu, and falls between latitude 10°20'56" to 10°18'51"N and longitudes 79°46'48" to 79°47'24"E. It is included in the survey of India toposheet number 58 M/14 on 1:50000 scale. It is an estuarine marshy environment situated in the Muthupet mangrove region. In this study 6 ground water samples were collected and the Physical parameters such pH, EC, TDS and Major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na2+, K+) and Anions (HCO3-, Cl2-, SO4) were analyzed. Analytical shows that the water in wetland region is generally alkaline with pH ranging from 8.25 to 9.16 with an average of 8.71. Electrical Conductivity (EC) ranges from 6809 to 15830 µs/cm with an average of 9585.5 µs/cm. Total dissolved solids (TDS) were also shows higher concentration and ranges from 2879 to 8140 with an average of 4763. The Cl ranging from 1755 mg/l to 2431 mg/l with an average of 1919.8 mg/l. Chloride is the dominant anion followed by SO4. Higher concentration of chloride in this region is due to mixing of sea water. Sodium ranges from 723.2 mg/1 to 936 mg/l with an average of 827.5 mg/l and is the important and most abundant alkali metal which is highly mobile and soluble in water....
The mafic and ultramafic rocks in Odhimalai, Thenkalmalai, Tittamalai hills of late Archean Bhavani complex are found in the districts of Coimbatore and Erode, Tamilnadu (India). The field characteristics of this area mostly dark color, coarse graind with the mafic minerals being dominated by pyroxene, gabbro, amphibole and garnet. The Cauvery Shear Zone (CSZ) represents prominent Archaean–Proterozoic boundary in Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT) and exposes the highest-grade granulites of a prograde amphibolite facies to granulite facies deep-crystal section of Late Archaean age. The rock show a granoblastic polygonal micro-texture and disequilibrium textures mostly in metagabbroic rocks, containing garnet. The petrographic study of thin section related that the rocks are rich in with medium grained hornblende crystals. This descriptions of the lithologies reveal the mineral content micro-textural relationship between the grains and deformational as well as alteration structures. The pyroxenite and gabbro showed consistent and complementary composition of SiO2 ranging from 26.21% to 50.12%, Al2O3 ranging from 8.63% to 25.57 %, MgO ranging from 6.83% to 26.64 %, CaO ranging from 4.67% to 14.23%, P2O5 ranging from 0.03% to 0.16 %....
Aim of the present study is to locate the landslide susceptibility zone. Detailed Rainfall, Drainage, Drainage density, Soil, Lineament, Lineament density, geology, landuse/landcover and Slope assessment were carried out to assess the landslide hazard zonation. The rainfall variations in winter, summer, Southwest Monsoon and Northeast Monsoon for ten years data interpretation was carried out. The rainfall data for the period of 2002 to 2011 were collected from the Statistical Department wing (PWD) Govt. of Tamil Nadu and assessed for the said seasons. These results were taken into GIS platform to prepare the spatial distribution maps. Winter, Summer, Southwest and Northeast monsoon seasons, spatial distribution maps result reveals that 903.58 km2, 840.99 km2, 894.99 km2 and 889.17 km2 area falls in high rainfall received shadow zone respectively. Detailed stream networks were traced from the Survey of India toposheet. It covers 321.06 km length and the stream networks were given stream number. It shows that first, second and third order stream covers 318.6 km large length. The spot heights (Number) were traced and digitized. Slope map was prepared using the spot heights. Integration analysis was carried with drainage buffered zone map over the slope angle map and over individual season wise rainfall spatial distribution map. Weightage were assigned to prepare the landslide hazard zonation map....
The mangrove plants occur in the Pichavaram along the coastal area of Tamil Nadu in the south India and this present study is aimed to analyze the physico-chemical parameters in two locations of Pichavaram mangroves. In the present study the physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids were analysed during 2012. The station was selected for the present study Location 1: Dense of mangrove region and Location 2: Mud flats in estuary. The temperature, pH and salinity were increased during summer season and dissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids were lowered in summer season in the mangrove environment....
A hydrogeochemical study was conducted in a coastal region of Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu. A total of 64 groundwater samples were analyzed for 14 different water quality parameters and analyzed for major ions, the result indicates higher concentrations of ions like Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+ and HCO-3 when compared with WHO standards. The Electrical conductivity (EC) contour shows that the groundwater quality is poor along the coast. The Na%, SAR, RSC, PI and Chloride of samples were also indicating that most of the groundwater locations not suitable for irrigation purposes. The Corrosivity ratio, Permanent and temporary hardness were noted to be higher and found to be unsuitable in majority of the regions for domestic purpose....
The sediments sample from the Pichavaram mangroves on the southeast coast of India. Spatial and temporal geochemical variations of various parameters in the water and sediment of a relatively small mangrove situated. The water quality generally reflects impact of seawater and the Vellar estuary aided by evaporation and in situ biological productivity. The depletion and fluctuation of dissolved silica are controlled by biological process. In the study area surface water is enriched with ions in the following order HCO3 < SO4 < Cl2. Sulphate is very high in the pre-monsoon season by at least 150 times. Chloride also behaves similarly to the Sulfate ion. This shows the chemically activate leaching of the soil/sediment (enriched with salt precipitate) in the study area. As per Durov diagram, Sample number L8 and L9 were falling in Field 6 to suggest that sulphate dominant in cation and sodium dominance indicate the probable mixing of fresh water from Karungalar River. Sample number L3, L6 and L11 are falling in field 8 to indicate the dominance of chloride among cation and sodium dominance indicate that the backwater has underwent reverse ionic exchange of sodium chloride type from sea....
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